@mod please delete if it's not appropriate. He is 8 year and neurodivergent. Very interested in elements and becoming obsessed with it. He knows uses of all elements and where it is found Now he is learning about each elements electron, portion and neutron numbers. I just gifted him The Elements Book: A visualEncyclopedia of the Periodic Table and he is enjoying it. Polonium, plutonium and mercury are his favourite elements.

I acknowledge that HF is weak because F- is unstable (F is a small element, therefore the negative charge "density" in F- is big, so it makes it unstable.). But as far as I know, HF in solution formed with H2O, exists in H2F2 state, so when dissolve H+, it will have HF2-, which is more stable (because the negative charge on F- is being shared with the other F).

In conclusion, the above is my thought of this question, do you have a better explanation? If my thought was right, so why HF it self doesn't exist in H2F2 state. Thank you for your opinion.

*English is not my first language and I don't use it for everyday Chemistry learning so maybe you will find it hard to understand, sorry for that.

This is a humidifier that works by heating the water. There is a copper plate that is a part of a thermal switch. The pipes are usually stainless steel color. Usually they get covered in limescale which I clean with vinegar from time to time. This time I decided to add a little vinegar to the humidifier water. After a week the pipes turned blue. What happened?

Ok so I’m looking for a chemist to help . I’m looking for a way to naturalize antifreeze . Or a detergent that will break it down . Upon a recommendation for winterizing my liveaboard sailboat,I put about a gallon of antifreeze in my bilge this winter before storing it in the hard . I used both the automotive and rv types - propelene gycol and ethelene glycol .) I’ve rinsed it out, but it still smells really strongly of antifreeze . To the point of actually feeling a headache from inhaling it in the confined space. I’m concerned because I’ve read it’s toxic to inhale . I will be sleeping aboard my boat every night this season and don’t want to get poisoned from breathing it in . Is there a certain type of detergent or chemical I can use to break it down ? Besides just a bilge cleaner / and or soap ? I’m not a chemist and figured this would be a good place to find someone smart enough to understand how to break it down . I’ve looked it up several ways online and can’t find anything specific , Thanks in advance .

So my Lab is having some problem with steel chair that has just been put in front of my lab recently. apparently because of weather, the humidity is so wet and it's almost raining all the time. i have tried using sodium citrate solution for cleaning the 2nd image, but it doesn't clean it. Any solution on what we should do? thanks in advance!

I’m currently on placement this year and I’m gaining a lot of experience in terms of practical organic synthesis but I’m worried about forgetting a lot of the theory that I’ve learned so far during my degree. Just wondering what people do to keep up to date with their chemistry knowledge

After my dad passed I was cleaning out his shop and found an unopened jug of gear oil that’s presumably 10 plus years old. A quick google search say yes it does after a few years but the stuff is left inside millions of diffs across the globe for more than that all the time. So is it safe to use on my old Toyota pickup?

I know it’s basic, but a distillation is still one of my favorite things to watch. I usually sit and watch them from start to end. What’s something that you never get bored of doing or watching?

I’m purifying my heptane right now.

Any ideas what this is or how to get rid of it? I thought it was mold but it doesn't come out easily.

I still have a few other variations I want to try. not because I necessarily need to, but just to see if it affects yield. I was hoping the yellow would carryover, but I never expected it to carry this well. I suppose it makes sense. People used it to dye clothing with it.

I’ve disolved some copper in hcl but the solution turned blackish brown insted of the green i expected does anyone know what happened ? On the photo there is some crystals seperating out (cucl2 maybe)

Is there a difference? I used sodium sulphate in microbiology research but magnesium since starting a project in organic chem

Title. Personally, I can say that slugging through ochem made me far better at visualization. I can now turn things in my head and "look" at them in different directions, something i wasn't able to do as much before. Also, chem has made me think more deeply about cooking (apparently sodium citrate's role as a chelating agent is what helps make all sorts of normally-not-melty cheeses melty)

Sorry my potato is having focus issues its the best i could get. It looks like sugar but the taste is not sweet at all almost tasteless. Says unfiltered on the bottle, i can also see some crystals in the bittom of the glass.

This may sound dumb to y’all but I’m curious why the flames are combining but instead the one below is passing through the top one , I also didn’t know where to post this question and google said chemistry is more fire related

I'm not sure if this is the right sub to ask about that or not but hope I can get some insights ,basically I work for a pharmacitical company as a purchasing agent ( I have just stared ) but I'm a chemistry graduate as well, we receive a certificate of analysis for each raw material we purchase and we have to match it with either a USP or BP edition but I figured out today that our quality control head validates that manually, I'm just wondering if anyone is using a specific software or there is a feature in their ERP system where they can match COAs automaticly once they are recived.

The first thing I’ll be doing is some electroplating with copper sulphate and I’m really excited to do stuff that’s a little more advanced stuff in the future :)

not sure if I can even post this here but I have a battery maintainer and the clamp is copper. the battery post is likely lead. I'm having an issue where I am getting significant corrosion on the copper clamp. it almost looks like it was set on fire. I'm assuming this is some type of oxidation? can anyone chime in on this and what exactly is happening?

The substance I put a simple conductivity meter into is distilled water, sugar, salt, sand, and an unknown substance that is either backing soda or baking powder. The meter is connected to a 9 volt battery and I got approval from my teacher before conducting this side experiment. I’ve never seen anything like this before and I would love it if any of you awesome people could help me understand. Also after doing that numerous times one of the electrodes on the meter turned a tiny bit green almost like the Statue of Liberty, but the green went away with some regular distilled water and a paper towel. Again I would really appreciate if I could get some help understanding. Thank you guys in advance!

I am writing a novel set in WWI, London, and some chapters take place in a pharmacy through the POV of a chemist. Unfortunately, I'm not confident with the small amount of information I've found on the actual compounding and bottling of medicines during this time. Can anyone help me?

I managed to identify everything here except the item in the lower right and second image. Your assistance is appreciated.