A single chemical (the protein TGF-beta) is key to controlling when hair follicle cells divide, and when they die. This discovery could not only treat baldness, but ultimately speed wound healing because follicles are a source of stem

Directly converting skin cells to brain cells yields 1,000% success | Scientists have managed to convert mouse skin cells directly into motor neurons, skipping the usual step of stem cells in between

If you're intrigued by the possibility of cryopreservation, it's essential to understand the options available and the costs involved. Here are some of the leading cryonics institutions around the world.

Cryonics Institute (CI), located in Clinton Township, Michigan, USA, offers whole-body cryopreservation for a relatively affordable price. Lifetime members pay \$28,000, while annual members pay \$35,000. Keep in mind that additional costs for local funeral services and transportation to Michigan will apply.

Alcor Life Extension Foundation, based in Scottsdale, Arizona, USA, is another prominent organization, offering both whole-body cryopreservation for \$200,000 and neuro (head-only) cryopreservation for \$80,000. Monthly membership dues range from \$17 to \$100 depending on age at signup. Additional costs for standby, stabilization, and transportation can be significant.

Tomorrow Biostasis, located in Berlin, Germany, offers whole-body cryopreservation for €200,000, typically funded through a life insurance policy. A membership fee of €50 per month includes standby services, one free pet membership, and participation in community events.

KrioRus, based in Moscow, Russia, offers whole-body cryopreservation for approximately \$36,000 and neuro cryopreservation for around \$23,000. International transport, standby services, and custom storage arrangements can add to the total cost.

American Cryonics Society (ACS), located in California, USA, works with other facilities, like the Cryonics Institute, for actual preservation. They offer plans that match or improve upon the most affordable industry options, often relying on prepaid contracts or life insurance funding.

Choosing cryonics is a deeply personal decision, one that requires careful consideration of the scientific, life saving, and financial aspects. It's not a guarantee of immortality, but rather a chance to extend the possibility of life into the future. For those who believe in the potential of science and the enduring power of hope, it's an investment worth exploring.

Graying Hair a Result of “Stuck” Stem Cells

The racetam family consists of a group of nootropic compounds, each with its own unique chemical structure and potential cognitive effects. 

1. Piracetam: The first and most well-known racetam, often considered the prototype for the class. It's known for enhancing memory and cognitive function.

2. Aniracetam: Notable for its potential anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects in addition to cognitive enhancement. It is fat-soluble.

3. Oxiracetam: Known for its stimulant-like effects and potential benefits for memory and learning.

4. Pramiracetam: Recognized for its cognitive-enhancing properties, particularly in improving memory and attention.

5. Nefiracetam: Exhibits neuroprotective effects and has been studied for its potential in treating cognitive disorders.

6. Coluracetam: Has a unique mechanism of action, influencing high-affinity choline uptake, and is being researched for its potential cognitive benefits.

7. Fasoracetam: Investigated for its potential to modulate the cholinergic system and enhance cognitive function.

8. Phenylpiracetam: Known for its stimulant-like effects and potential benefits for physical endurance, in addition to cognitive enhancement.

9. Noopept: While not a classical racetam, it is often grouped with racetams due to its similar mechanism of action. It is known for its potency and neuroprotective effects.

10. Levetiracetam: Used as an antiepileptic drug, it has a different structure than typical racetams but shares the "-racetam" suffix.

11. Etiracetam: A racetam derivative that has been researched for its potential in treating cognitive impairment.

12. Dimiracetam: A racetam derivative with limited research, but it shares the structural characteristics of racetams.

13. Rolziracetam: Another racetam derivative with limited available information on its effects and mechanisms.

14. Seletracetam: A racetam analog with potential anti-seizure effects, though research is ongoing.

15. Nebracetam: A racetam derivative that has been explored for its potential cognitive benefits.

It's important to note that the effects and mechanisms of these compounds can vary, and individual responses may differ. Additionally, the availability and legal status of racetams may vary by region, so it's essential to consider local regulations before obtaining or using them.

Yes, Metformin, a widely used medication for type 2 diabetes, has been shown to induce autophagy. Autophagy is a cellular process for degrading and recycling cellular components, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Metformin's ability to induce autophagy is part of its multifaceted mechanism of action, which contributes to its therapeutic effects. Here's how Metformin is understood to influence autophagy:

1. AMPK Activation: Metformin activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor in cells. Activation of AMPK is a well-known trigger for autophagy. AMPK promotes autophagy by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which is a key negative regulator of autophagy.

2. mTOR Inhibition: By inhibiting the mTOR pathway, Metformin removes a significant brake on the autophagy process, allowing cells to more readily initiate autophagy, especially under conditions of cellular stress or nutrient deprivation.

3. Cellular Stress Response: Metformin can induce a mild cellular stress response, which can also contribute to the activation of autophagy. This stress response is often associated with improved cellular resilience and health in the long term.

4. Therapeutic Implications: The induction of autophagy by Metformin is believed to contribute to its therapeutic effects, including improved insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and potentially some cardiovascular benefits. Additionally, this property of Metformin is being researched for its potential benefits in aging and age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.

It's important to note that while the induction of autophagy is a recognized effect of Metformin, the clinical implications of this action are still a subject of ongoing research. As with any medication, the use of Metformin should be under the guidance of a healthcare professional, especially considering its interactions and contraindications in certain health conditions.

Harvard scientists built a fish out of human stem cells

Serotonin reuptake inhibitors improve muscle stem cell function and muscle regeneration in male mice

Yes, rapamycin is well-known for its ability to induce autophagy. Rapamycin, also known as sirolimus, is a macrolide compound that has a range of biological effects, including immunosuppression and anti-proliferative actions. Its role in inducing autophagy is particularly significant and is a subject of considerable interest in various fields of medical research. Here's how rapamycin induces autophagy:

1. Inhibition of mTOR Pathway: Rapamycin is a potent inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a central regulator of cell growth and metabolism. mTOR is a key negative regulator of autophagy; when mTOR activity is high, autophagy is suppressed. By inhibiting mTOR, rapamycin removes this suppression, thereby promoting the initiation of autophagy.

2. Cellular Stress Response: The inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin can lead to a cellular stress response that further facilitates the autophagic process. This is part of the cellular mechanism to cope with nutrient deprivation or other stressors.

3. Therapeutic Implications: The ability of rapamycin to induce autophagy has implications for its use in various therapeutic contexts. Autophagy can help remove damaged cellular components, counteract the effects of aging, and may have benefits in the treatment of diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic diseases.

4. Research in Aging and Longevity: Rapamycin has gained attention in research related to aging and longevity, partly due to its autophagy-inducing effects. Autophagy is considered a crucial mechanism in cellular maintenance and longevity, and rapamycin's role in this process is a key area of investigation.

It's important to note that while rapamycin's ability to induce autophagy is well-established, its use as a therapeutic agent must be carefully managed due to its potent immunosuppressive effects and other potential side effects. The use of rapamycin, especially for non-approved indications, should always be under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Additionally, ongoing research continues to explore the full range of rapamycin's biological effects and potential applications in medicine.

Paralyzed man who can walk again shows potential benefit of stem cell therapy. Intrathecal delivery of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in traumatic spinal cord injury: Phase I trial. This clinical trial was conducted by the Mayo Clinic.

The time it takes for newly generated mitochondria to become fully acclimated or functional in the system following mitochondrial biogenesis induced by Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) can vary. This process is influenced by several factors, including the cellular environment, the type of cells involved, and individual physiological conditions.

Mitochondrial biogenesis is a complex process involving the growth and division of pre-existing mitochondria. It includes several steps:

1. Initiation: Triggered by signals (like PQQ), which activate pathways that initiate the biogenesis process.

2. Replication of Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): New mitochondria require their own DNA, which is replicated during this phase.

3. Protein Synthesis and Import: Proteins necessary for mitochondrial function are synthesized and imported into the mitochondria.

4. Growth and Division: Mitochondria grow and eventually divide to form new mitochondria.

5. Functional Integration: Newly formed mitochondria integrate into the cellular network and begin functioning.

The entire process, from the initiation of biogenesis to the functional integration of new mitochondria, can take several days to weeks, depending on the cell type and metabolic activity. For instance, in highly metabolically active cells, such as muscle cells, the process might be quicker compared to less active cells.

Once formed, the new mitochondria need to be integrated into the existing mitochondrial network, a process that involves synchronization with the cell's metabolic demands and coordination with other cellular organelles.

It's important to note that the specific duration for new mitochondria to become fully acclimated after PQQ-induced biogenesis is not precisely defined in the literature, as it can vary greatly. Additionally, the effectiveness and efficiency of mitochondrial biogenesis can be influenced by factors like age, nutritional status, physical activity levels, and overall health. 

Dasatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used primarily in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), has been shown in some studies to induce autophagy, although its primary mechanism of action is the inhibition of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase and other tyrosine kinases. The relationship between dasatinib and autophagy is complex and can be context-dependent, varying with cell type and disease state. Here's an overview of how dasatinib may interact with autophagy:

1. Induction of Autophagy as a Stress Response: In some cancer cells, dasatinib treatment has been observed to induce autophagy. This induction may be a cellular stress response to the inhibition of kinase activity. Autophagy in this context can be a mechanism for cancer cells to survive drug-induced stress.

2. Dual Role of Autophagy: The role of autophagy in response to dasatinib treatment can be dual. On one hand, it can provide a survival mechanism for cancer cells, potentially leading to drug resistance. On the other hand, in certain contexts, autophagy may contribute to cell death, particularly when it is excessive or dysregulated.

3. Therapeutic Implications: Understanding the role of autophagy in response to dasatinib is important for therapeutic strategies. In cases where autophagy promotes survival and drug resistance, combining dasatinib with autophagy inhibitors might enhance therapeutic efficacy. Conversely, if autophagy contributes to cell death, enhancing this pathway could be beneficial.

4. Research and Clinical Context: The induction of autophagy by dasatinib and its implications are still areas of active research. The response can vary greatly depending on the type of cancer, the genetic background of the tumor, and other factors.

It's important to note that the relationship between dasatinib and autophagy is a complex and evolving area of study. The use of dasatinib, like all cancer therapies, should be managed by healthcare professionals who can consider the full range of its effects and interactions with other treatments. Further research is needed to fully understand how dasatinib-induced autophagy affects cancer progression and treatment outcomes.

Prostate cancer surgery breakthrough offers hope for erectile function | Neurosafe procedure allows doctors to remove prostate while preserving as much nerve tissue around it as possible

If you're just starting out on this journey, a great place to begin is with "Lifespan: Why We Age—and Why We Don’t Have To" by Dr. David Sinclair. It's a fantastic introduction to the biology of aging from a leading scientist, covering topics like sirtuins, NAD+, epigenetics, and longevity strategies. Another excellent choice is "Ending Aging" by Dr. Aubrey de Grey & Michael Rae, which explains SENS (Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence) and focuses on repairing aging damage. For a look at how lifestyle affects aging at the cellular level, check out "The Telomere Effect" by Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn & Dr. Elissa Epel.

For those seeking a more academic approach, "Biology of Aging: Observations and Principles" (2nd Edition) by Robert Arking is a classic textbook covering genetic, cellular, and evolutionary aspects of aging. "Molecular Biology of Aging," edited by Leonard Guarente (MIT), is a compilation of chapters by top researchers, exploring pathways like mTOR, insulin signaling, and caloric restriction. And for a deep dive into all current knowledge about aging, "Handbook of the Biology of Aging," edited by Matt Kaeberlein & George Martin, covers mitochondrial aging, stem cells, inflammation, and more.

If you're interested in the latest discoveries in aging research, "Ageless: The New Science of Getting Older Without Getting Old" by Andrew Steele explains recent advancements in senolytics, gene therapy, and other areas. For a focus on diet, fasting, and aging pathways, "The Longevity Diet" by Dr. Valter Longo is backed by clinical trials and longevity studies. And for a blend of biological science with societal impact and evolution of aging, "Time of Our Lives: The Science of Human Aging" by Tom Kirkwood offers a unique perspective.

These books aren't just about extending lifespan; they're about enhancing healthspan, improving quality of life, and understanding the intricate mechanisms that govern our bodies. They offer a roadmap for navigating the complexities of aging and making informed choices that can positively impact our health and well-being. So, dive in, explore, and discover the fascinating world of aging science!

1. Gene Editing (CRISPR-Cas9 and Beyond)
2. Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine
3. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Healthcare
4. Nanotechnology and Nanobots
5. Senolytics: Drugs that Target Senescent Cells
6. Telomere Extension Technology
7. Cryonics (Cryopreservation)
8. Artificial Organs
9. Mind Uploading and Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs)
10. Anti-Aging and Rejuvenation Drugs
11. Cloning and Tissue Engineering
12. Uploadable Consciousness and Digital Avatars
13. 3D Bioprinting
14. Epigenetic Reprogramming
15. Brain Emulation and Neuroprosthetics
16. Quantum Computing in Biological Research
17. Wearable Technology and Continuous Health Monitoring
18. Caloric Restriction Mimetics
19. Advanced Robotics and Bionics
20. Fusion of Biological and Synthetic Life, Make everyone live forever, Time is the Apex Predator

Shingles Vaccine May Protect Against Dementia Risk

Seeing how common it is for people to not be able to cope with the changes that happen through the course of their natural human lifetime how well do we think the human psyche would be able to handle multiple lifetimes of experience and change?

FibroBiologics hails brain tissue repair breakthrough – regenerative medicine company demonstrates treatment with fibroblasts can enable remyelination.

A “weekend warrior” approach to physical activity — getting 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity over one to two days instead of throughout the week — improved health and lowered the risk of death, finds a new study of more than 93,000 people.

Like the majority of living beings on this planet i have this incurable disease called aging that is slowly but surely killing us all.
I'm not afraid of death but there are so many things i want to do, so many things i want to see, but do not have the time to i drives me mad.
I would love to explore the world, space, travel to other planets, get multiple phds....

If anyone is interested in having a short virtual meeting for a qualitative research project let me know! It will just be about how you got interested in the community and general conversation around consumption 🙂 please shoot me a message if so!

There’s a powerful movement happening in science right now—one that dares to ask a bold question: Can we beat aging? Behind this movement are some of the brightest minds on the planet, anti-aging scientists who are not only changing how we understand the aging process but also giving hope that we might live longer, healthier lives. These pioneers are blending biology, technology, and imagination to explore the boundaries of human life, driven by a deep purpose to unlock the secrets of longevity.

Dr. David Sinclair from Harvard is one of the leading voices in this mission. His research into sirtuins and NAD+ has changed how we think about cellular aging. Through molecules like resveratrol and NMN, he believes we can activate the body’s own defense systems to fight aging from the inside out. His work, books, and biotech startups are inspiring a new generation to believe in the possibility of age reversal—not in science fiction, but in real life.

Another visionary is Dr. Aubrey de Grey, founder of the SENS Research Foundation. Aubrey sees aging as a disease—a problem to solve rather than something we just accept. He’s outlined a roadmap for fixing the damage that accumulates in our cells over time. His passionate advocacy for regenerative medicine has energized people all over the world and given a clear, hopeful direction to the life extension movement.

Other giants in the field include Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn, who won the Nobel Prize for discovering telomerase, the enzyme that protects our DNA; and Dr. Nir Barzilai, who is leading groundbreaking trials with the diabetes drug metformin to slow aging in humans. Dr. Valter Longo has shown us how strategic fasting can spark stem cell repair, while Dr. Steve Horvath created the “epigenetic clock,” a tool to actually measure how biologically young or old we are—something that was once thought impossible.

Together, these scientists are lighting the way forward. They remind us that aging doesn’t have to be a slow decline, but rather a frontier to explore, challenge, and one day overcome. Their work is not just about living longer—it's about living better, staying sharp, strong, and full of life. If you’ve ever dreamed of more time to do the things you love, to discover, to create, or just to be—you’re not alone. The future is being built now, and these scientists are giving us every reason to believe in it.