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r/ExistentialChristian • u/PhilosophyTO • 4d ago

Kierkegaard Kierkegaard’s Papers and Journals (1834-1836: The first journal entries) — An online reading group discussion on April 9, all are welcome

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Christian Existentialism

r/ExistentialChristian

A place to discuss Existentialism, Existential Theology, religious variants of Existential thought, and the atheistic crisis inherent in the Christian "leap of faith" and "dark night of the soul".

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You might ask, "How can an existentialism be Christian?" Well, the "father of existentialism" (1840s-50s)—Søren Kierkegaard—was Christian. Over 20 years later another Christian—Dostoyevsky—introduced it into fiction. Not until a generation after Kierkegaard did Nietzsche give us an atheistic existentialism at the same time that Tolstoy was giving us his anarchic Christian existentialism. This can be called the first wave of existentialism (~1840s-1900s).

The second wave of existentialism (~1900s-1930s) was again largely theistic: Shestov, Berdyaev, Jaspers, Rilke, Unamuno, Buber, Heidegger. Atheism makes a cameo in the fiction of Kafka. Psychologist Otto Rank was likely an atheist, but evidence of mysticism leaves the question uncertain.

The third wave (~1930s-60s) had the notable atheists and novelists Camus, Sartre, and de Beauvoir. In the case of the former two, there is disputable evidence of theism within five years of their deaths. Other well-knowns were theistic: Marcel, Weil, Maritain, Frankl, Becker, and Tillich. This era also gave us theistic existentialists whose philosophies reach us somewhat less overtly in their fiction and poetry: Hesse, Kerouac, Percy, O'Connor, Eliot, et al.

When participating, remember that this is an open place. Maintain a generous, curious spirit and a civil tongue, and engage others with humility.

** Past Studies **

The Way of Suffering - Week 2

Concluding Unscientific Postscript

Subjectivity, Irony and the Crisis of Modernity

** Related Subreddits **

/r/Existentialism

/r/RadicalChristianity

/r/OpenChristian

/r/Christianity

** Suggested Readings **

  • Søren Kierkegaard

    • Introduction: The Truth Is the Way: Kierkegaard's Theologia Viatorum
    • Anthology: A Kierkegaard Anthology (ed. Bretall)
    • Anthology: Provocations: Spiritual Writings of Kierkegaard (PDF)
    • Various free works (online)

  • Nikolai Berdyaev

    • The Beginning and the End (online)
    • Various free works (online)
    • Anthology: Christian Existentialism (ed. Lowrie)

  • Miguel de Unamuno

    • Tragic Sense of Life

  • Gabriel Marcel

    • The Philosophy of Existentialism
    • The Mystery of Being, Vol. 1: Reflection & Mystery
    • The Mystery of Being, Vol. 2: Faith & Reality
    • Anthology: A Gabriel Marcel Reader (ed. Sweetman)

  • Karl Jaspers

    • Philosophy of Existence
    • Tragedy Is Not Enough (PDF)

  • Leo Tolstoy

    • A Confession (online)
    • The Death of Ivan Illych (online)
    • The Kingdom of God is Within You

  • Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    • Notes from Underground
    • House of the Dead (online)
    • Demons (online)
    • The Brothers Karamazov

  • Arthur McGill

    • Death and Life

  • Paul Tillich

    • A History of Christian Thought

  • Simone Weil

    • Awaiting God
    • Gravity and Grace
    • Gateway to God

  • Jerome Miller

    • The Way of Suffering: A Geography of Crisis

  • Richard Beck (blog)

    • The Slavery of Death

  • Lev Shestov

    • Kierkegaard & The Existential Philosophy (online)
    • Various free works (online)

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