What are you trying to say?

Here's what was done: Generic acetaminophen tablets were refluxed in acetone and filtered to remove pill-binders. The acetone was then removed by simple-distillation. The residual crystals of acetaminophen in the distilling flask were covered with aqueous sodium hydroxide. This mixture was then refluxed at a strong boil for a few hours. The reaction mixture was then neutralized with concentrated HCl to pH ~7 and cooled at ~0°c. Recrystallization from distilled H2O gave brittle, brown crystals. You can see them in a more recent post.

Yes, just reflux with NaOH and H2O

If H2SO4 is precious to you, you can supplement with NaHSO4. For the production of acids like HBr, HNO3, AcOH, etc... NaHSO4 can help limit the use of or even replace H2SO4.

P-aminophenol was isolated by distillation and is being purified in the same flask by reflux.

Edit: p-aminophenol is being made and purified here; the acetaminophen used to make it is what was obtained in the distillation. Not as a distillate, but as a residue in the distillation flask.

Weiner-elongator

Another great exercise is aspirin and Tylenol tablets. You can extract and purify them, and everything you need would be at your local stores. Once you get comfortable with that, you can try turning them into something else.

There's a reason these comments have so many downvotes. Grow up.

Phenol as well.

Sodium acetate is a good one. You'll learn a LOT if you're paying attention: How to measure, how to stay clean, how to handle reactions, how to crystallize/ purify, etc... I recommend you try it first with vinegar and baking soda, and then again with vinegar and NaOH.

As a young chemistry enthusiast, you should read as much as you can stomach. Wikipedia is good for this; as you're reading, you can click the links and learn what interests you. That's how you'll get your answer. What's easy for one may not be for you. It's hard to say what would be "easy" without knowing what you have to work with. Once you find something that seems doable, go for it. Don't wait for it to be perfect to start. The sooner you fail, the sooner you get better.

Hi, I'm looking to construct my own hood and am unsure where to start. Would you mind me asking you about yours?

Only one Ester group is present in the ASA molecule ("A"). Now, if you're looking at the functional groups of ASA and thinking, "couldn't that react further?" Yes, it could. However, that would be forming an ester with itself (the product being Salicyl Salicylate) and would require more or less anhydrous conditions. There is such an excess of (acidic) water in this reaction that it is highly unlikely that the product is anything but the benzoic acid (Salicylic Acid/ "B") Hope this helps.

If you're still interested, feel free to PM me with your questions.

Also, opening with calling yourself a, "degenerate clandestine chemist" makes you HIGHLY suspect in the quality of your advice. I discourage you from keeping this attitude in the future.

Why should I "be in the habit"? This "habit" could hurt me in a multitude of ways, not to mention its practical inconveniences for me personally.

While I see your thinking, no...

First of all, a separatory funnel is too long for the vertical space I have after the receiver. I have deliberately chosen to clamp a round bottom, as all i am doing is recovering solvent. This size was deemed more than appropriate and will NOT be removed until the distillation is complete.

Secondly, all I have to do is remove a clamp and grab my flask.( Not sure what's so hard about that...)

Additionally, how could a separatory funnel help with fractions any more than say, an erlenmeyer or beaker? Especially so since a sep-funnel would have to go into one of those, creating AT LEAST as much work as I'm already doing and using more glassware.

I encourage you to remember that chemistry is both a science and an art, and thus, there are many ways to skin a cat and many kinds of cats to skin.

Yes, it's mineral oil. Recorded bath temp was ~118°c

Depends what you're trying to do.